1852–1855
National Library of France
Paris, France
Victor Hugo was a French dramatist, novelist and poet associated with European Romanticism. Among his best-known works are the novels Notre Dame de Paris (The Hunchback of Notre-Dame) and Les Misérables, the latter of which focuses on social misery and injustice.
1869
Austrian State Archives
Vienna, Austria
Monarchs from all over Europe arrived to celebrate the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869, including Empress Eugenie of France, Emperor Franz-Josef I of Austria-Hungary and the Prince and Princess of Wales. To commemorate the occasion medals were issued, opera houses were built and odes were written to pay honour to the imperial guests.
1880
National Library of France
Paris, France
Émile Zola was a French writer and a nominee for the Nobel Prize in Literature whose work represents the Naturalism school, which although focused on events from daily life tried to define the underlying factors of social behaviour, such as hereditary and social environment. Among his famous works was the novel cycle Les Rougon-Macquart.
Émile Zola. J'accuse! … 11-13 January 1898
1898
National Library of France
Paris, France
Émile Zola was a French writer and a nominee for the Nobel Prize in Literature whose work represents the Naturalism school, which although focused on events from daily life tried to define the underlying factors of social behaviour, such as hereditary and social environment. Among his famous works was the novel cycle Les Rougon-Macquart.