Working Number | Name | Holding Museum | Date | Materials | Curator Justification |
LB 015 | The Beirut water factory | Ministry of Water and Energy | 1896 | | Water distribution based on modern technology was implemented in the second half of the 19th century through the reforms issued by the Ottoman sultans. For example in Beirut, water treatment and distribution was organised through the Beirut Water Company in Dbayeh.
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LB 007 | Map of Beirut's water networks | Khalil Itani's Archive | 1873 | Plot handwork | This map shows the network of water distribution from Nahr el-Kaleb (river) through Beirut. Implemented from 1873 onwards, the Ottoman reform of water distribution in Beirut organised the treatment and distribution of water – an example of the reforms that reshaped urban infrastructure.
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TN 029 | Zaghwan aqueduct | | 1852 | | Water distribution for daily use was also one of the great concerns of the reformers in Tunisia. During the government of Muhammad Bey, the ancient aqueduct of Zaghouan was modernised by the French engineer Pierre Colin, with a system of pumps bringing water to Tunis.
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TR2 114 | Istanbul water pipeline map | Istanbul University, Nadir Eserler Kütüphanesi (Rare Books Library) | 19th century | Photograph | Cendere Hamidian Water Pump Station provided water for some areas in Istanbul using steam machines. It can be considered the modern counterpart of an ancient tradition of dams and hydraulic works in Ottoman Turkey and as the prosecution of a tradition of water treatment and distribution in the Islamic cities through water reservoirs and fountains.
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TR2 145 | Water pumping equipment in Kağıthane, Istanbul | Istanbul University, Nadir Eserler Kütüphanesi (Rare Books Library) | Beginning of the 20th century | Photograph | A photograph from the Yıldız Album of Sultan ‘Abd al-Hamid, showing the steam machines for pumping and distributing water from Cendere Hamidian Water Pump Station to Istanbul. The Yıldız Album is a vast collection of photographs documenting all the technical, educational, social, military and civilian innovations introduced in the Ottoman Empire by Sultan ‘Abd al-Hamid.
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TR2 146 | Water pumping equipment in Kağıthane, Istanbul | Istanbul University, Nadir Eserler Kütüphanesi (Rare Books Library) | Beginning of the 20th century | Photograph | A photograph from Yıldız Album of Sultan ‘Abd al-Hamid, showing the steam machines for pumping and distributing water from Cendere Hamidian Water Pump Station to Istanbul.
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PT 008 | Barbadinhos Steam pumping station | | Built between 1871 and 1880 | | Pumping stations show interesting parallels across Europe and the Arab and Ottoman world, testimony to how modernisation followed a common path: distant countries with similar approaches to modernity or similar economic activities were reshaped by the globalisation of technology and needs.
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